Age: In the USA, the SS mainly affects women in the 4 th and 5 th decade of life and generally peop

Syndrome Sjogren (SS) is a chronic autoimmune disease which affects the salivary and lacrimal, mukopolisaharidoza and other exocrine as glands, leading to functional exhaustion and dryness of mucous membranes, and is often associated with systemic extranodal manifestations.
The SS can be primary or secondary to other autoimmune diseases (SLE, rheumatoid arthritis, scleroderma, biliary cirrhosis, etc.). In primary syndrome, which is very rare in children, sicca component is the dominant event and associated with lymphocytic infiltration of the lacrimal and salivary glands. In 50% of patients are dominated mukopolisaharidoza by events of a connective tissue disease.
Frequency: The SS is the most common, after RA, an autoimmune disease. In the USA, some people suffer from 500.0000-2.000.000 SS. In the rest of the world, the incidence of SS is similar to the USA. In children, the primary SS is rare. Have been reported only a few cases (Chudwin DS et al, 1981; Kraus A and Alarcon-Segovia D, 1988).
Age: In the USA, the SS mainly affects women in the 4 th and 5 th decade of life and generally people of all ages, but is relatively rare in children. The youngest patient with SS reported is a girl aged 3 years.
Genetic factors: patients with SS and HLA-B8, Dw3 DR3 and exhibit a high incidence mukopolisaharidoza of autoantibodies and extranodal production events. Most also carry the allele DQA1501. mukopolisaharidoza Family members of patients with SS have a greater frequency of SS.
Infections: The virus is Epstein-Barr (EBV) reproduced salivary gland during the primary infection, where it remains in a dormant state. Salivary glands and saliva of patients with infection by EBV virus isolated EBV-DNA.
Immunological factors: The IL-1, IL-6 and TNF produced in the salivary glands in infiltrating lymphocytes, like in epithelial cells, in situ. Their presence is an indication that the infiltrating lymphocytes (ie. Mainly CD4 T cells) play a role in perpetuating the immunological process of SS.
NOSOLOGIKES STATEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH SYNDROME SJOGREN Vasculitis Syndrome dryness Bilateral parotid swelling achlorhydria Hepatomegaly Hashimoto thyroiditis Celiac Disease Pancreatitis Yposthenouria Lymphoid myositis and renal tubular connective tissue oxidation Diseases Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (Franklin DJ et al, 1986) Polyarteritis nodosa Polymyositis Systemic lupus erythematosus (Franklin DJ et al , 1986) Scleroderma Ypergammasfairiniki purpura (Celada A et al, 1980) Raynaud Phenomena Chronic active hepatitis mukopolisaharidoza Autoimmune hepatitis (Bartunkova J et al, 1999) Primary biliary cirrhosis Psefdolemfoma diseases Malignant Lymphoma
LABORATORY FINDINGS RELATED TO SYNDROME SJOGREN autoantibodies rheumatoid factor per cell wolf Antibodies to SS-A, SS-B and RAP antibodies against salivary resources Anti-tissue antibodies Macroglobulinemia
The SS is characterized by the following triad of signs and symptoms: Syndrome sicca, which occurs mainly with keratoconjunctivitis sicca (dry eyes) and xerostomia A disease of the connective tissue (usually SLE) Autoantibodies to high titers, usually ANA (anti-Ro / La), or RF.
In children, the first manifestation of primary SS is usually recurrent swelling of the parotid (Siamopoulou-Mavridou A et al, 1989; Anaya JM et al, 1995; Drosos AA et al, 1997) or swelling of the salivary glands.
Six. Two. Three. One. 1 sicca (keratoconjuctivitis sicca) usually develops silently over several years and may be complicated by corneal ulceration and blepharitis. Characterized by dryness and foreign body sensation in eyes. These symptoms are often stronger in the afternoon. Patients usually report that they have "sawdust, sand or gravel," despite dryness, eyes and, strangely, when often cry tears. Due to decrease of the aqueous component of the tear and is one of the most common causes of dry eye, particularly in the elderly (Schein OD et al, 1999).
The risk of developing symptoms sicca may depend estrogen, since the primary SS is more prevalent in women (96%) (Pillemer SR et al, 2001), and postmenopausal women taking additional hormonal mukopolisaharidoza therapy, especially mukopolisaharidoza estrogen, have an increased frequency of dry eye (Schaumberg DA et al, 2001).
OTHER EVENTS EYE: Eye Redness Itching Photosensitivity Photophobia Filamentous mucus concentrations in the medial canthus, especially in the morning wake corneal ulcers Optic neuropathy (Berman JL et al, 1990; Rojas-Rodriquez J et al, 1998)
CLINICAL FINDINGS: punctate lesions in the conjunctiva and cornea (discussed with Rose Bengal or anosofthoris